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Contextual Realities

Coordinating Lead Authors:
Arturo S. Arganosa (Philippines) and Revathi Balakrishnan (USA)

Lead Authors:
Li Xiande (China) and Fu Qin (China)

Contributing Authors:
Zhu Xiaoman (China), M. Monirul Qader Mirza (Canada)

Review Editors:
Indu Grover (India), Rajendra Shrestha (Nepal)

Key Messages

1.1 IAASTD Framework 2
1.2 ESAP Agroecological Production Systems 2
  1.2.1 Agroecology, climate and natural resources 3
    1.2.1.1 Forest resources 4
    1.2.1.2 Water resources 5
    1.2.1.3 Aquatic resources 5
    1.2.1.4 Livestock 5
    1.2.1.5 Plant biodiversity 6
  1.2.2 Production potential 7
    1.2.2. Farm size 7
    1.2.2.2 Farming systems 7
  1.2.3 Production constraints 8
    1.2.3. Degradation of natural resources 8
    1.2.3.2 Natural hazards 8
    1.2.3.3 Pests and pathogens 9
1.3 Demographics 9
  1.3.1 Regional demographic trends 9
  1.3.2 Accelerated urbanization with a significant rural population 10
  1.3.3 Agricultural labor: Feminization, child labor and unpaid work 10
  1.3.4 Education: Gender and rural disparities 11
  1.3.5 Migration: Labor movements and capital gains 12
1.4 Human Well-being 12
1.5 Trade 14
  1.5.1 Agricultural GDP in ESAP 14
  1.5.2 Trade flows: Main players, commodities and partners 15

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