Acacia karroo: Monograph and annotated
bibliography: Trop. For. Pap. 32. Oxford
Forestry Inst., UK.

Bartley, D.M., and F. Martin. 2004.
Introduction of alien species/strains and
their impact on biodiversity. M.V. Gupta
et al. (ed) Use of genetically improved
and alien species for aquaculture and
conservation of aquatic biodiversity in
Africa. The WorldFish Center, Penang.

Bassett, T.J. 2005. Card-carrying hunters, rural
poverty, and wildlife decline in northern
Cote d’ Ivoire. Geograph. J. 171:24-35.

Bassett, T.J., and J. Crummey (ed) 2003.
African savannas: Global narratives and
local knowledge of environmental change.
James Currey, Oxford.

Bationo, A., F. Lompo, and S. Koala. 1998.
Research on nutrient flows and balances in
West Africa: State-of-the-art. Agric. Ecosyst.
Environ. 71:19-35.

Behnke, R., I. Scoones, and C. Kerven (ed)
1993. Range ecology at disequilibrum: New
models of natural variability and pastoral
adaptation in African savannas. ODI,
London.

Bender, A. 1992. Meat and meat products in
human nutrition in developing countries:
Food Nutr. Pap. 53.FAO, Rome.

Bengis, R.G., R.A. Kock, and J. Fischer. 2002.
Infectious animal diseases: The wildlife/
livestock interface. OIE Sci. Tech. Rev.
21:53-65.

Berthaud, J., and A. Charrier.1988. Genetic
resources of Coffee. R.J. Clarke and
R. Macrae (ed) Coffee agronomy. Elsevier,
London.

Birgegard, L.E. 1993. Natural resources tenure:
A review of issues and experiences with
emphasis on sub-Saharan Africa. Swedish
Univ. Agric. Sci., Uppsala.

Bizimana, N. 1994. Traditional veterinary
practice in Africa. Ashburn, Germany.

Blench, R.M.B. 2001. Till the cows come home:
Why conserve livestock diversity? I. Koziell
and J. Saunders (ed) Living off biodiversity:
Exploring livelihoods and biodiversity issues
in natural resource management. IIED,
London.

Blom, A., R. Van Zalinge, E. Mbea,
I.M.A. Heitkonig, and H.H.T. Prins. 2004.
Human impact on wildlife populations
within a protected Central African forest.
Afr. J. Ecol. 42:23-31.

Bohannan, P. 1963. Land, tenure and land
tenure. In D. Biebuyck (ed) African agrarian
systems. Int. African Inst., London.

Bokosi, J.M. 1988. Bean evaluation in Africa.
p. 97-203. Crop genetic resources of Africa.
Proc. Int. Conf., Nairobi, 26-30 Sep 1988.
IBPGR, UNEP, IITA, CNR, Nairobi.

Bonkoungou, E.G. 1996. Drought,
desertification, and water management
in sub-Saharan Africa. Available
at http://www.unu.edu/unupress/
unupbooks/80918e/80918E0l.htm. UN
Univ., Tokyo.

Brady, N. 1990. The nature and properties of
soils. 10th ed. MacMillan, New York.

Breman, H. 1995. Sustainable agriculture in the
Sahel? Integrated perennials and fertilizers.
p. 213-235. J. Bouma et al. (ed) Ecoregional
approaches for sustainable land use and
food production: Systems approaches
for sustainable agricultural development.
Kluwer Academic Publ., New York.

Briske, D.D., S.D. Fuhlendorf, and F.E. Smein.
2003. Vegetation dynamics on rangelands:
A critique of current paradigms. J. Appl.
Ecol. 40:601-610.

Bruinsma, J. (ed) 2003. World agriculture:
Towards 2015/2030—An FAO perspective.
FAO, Rome.

Brumby, P., and G. Gryseels. 1985. Stimulating
milk production in milk deficit countries of
Asia and Africa. p. 62-72. A.J. Smith (ed)
Milk production in developing countries.
Cent. Trop. Vet. Med., Univ. Edinburgh, UK.

Brummett, R.E., and R.P. Noble. 1995.
Aquaculture for African smallholders. Tech.
Rep. 46. ICLARM, Manila.

Buresh, R.J., P.A. Sanchez, and F. Calhoun (ed)
1997. Replenishing soil fertility in Africa.
Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Spec. Publ. 51. Madison
WI.

Carney, J.A. 1988. Struggles over land and
crops in an irrigated rice scheme: The
Gambia. p. 59-78. In J. Davison (ed)
Agriculture, women and land: The African
experience. Westview Press, Boulder.

Caswell, G.H. 1984. The value of the pod in
protecting cowpea seed from attack by
bruchid beetles. Samaru J. Agric. Res.
2:49-55.

Chandler, R.F.Jr. 1979. Rice in the tropics:
A guide to the development of national
programme. Westview Press, Boulder.

Cleaver, K.M., and G.A. Schreiber. 1994.
Reversing the spiral: The population,
agriculture and environment nexus in sub-
Saharan Africa. World Bank, Washington DC.

Colson, E. 1971. The impact of the colonial
period on the definition of land rights.
p. 193-215. In V. Turner (ed) Colonialism in
Africa, 1870-1960. Vol. 3. CUP, Cambridge.

Coppock D.L. (ed) 1994. The Borana plateau
of southern Ethiopia: Synthesis of pastoral
research, development and change:
1980-91. ILCA, Ethiopia.

Daborn, C.J., J.M. Grange, and R.R. Kazwala.
1996. The bovine tuberculosis cycle: An
African perspective. J. Appl. Bacteriol.
81:527-532.

Das, S.M., and S.H. Mbaga. 2002. Importance
of centralized recording scheme for dairy
cattle to the development of livestock in
Tanzania. Proc. Sci. Conf. Tanzania Soc.
Anim. Prod. (TSAP), 20th, Arusha, 3-5 Dec
2002.

Das, S.M., and J.I. Mkonyi. 2003. Important
aspects of conservation of indigenous cattle
in Tanzania. Proc. Sci. Conf. Tanzania Soc.
Ani. Prod. (TSAP), 20th, Tanga, 28-30 Oct
2003.       

Das, S.M., J.K. Msechu, M.L. Kyomo,

D.B. Mpiri, and S.W. Chenyambuga. 2003.
State of farm animal genetic resources in
Tanzania. TVA 20th Sci. Conf., Arusha,
2-4 Dec 2003.

David, S. 1998. Producing bean seeds:
Handbook for small-scale bean producers.
CIAT, Kampala.

De Castro, J.J., and R.M. Newson. 1993. Host
resistance in cattle tick control. Parasitol.
Today 9:13-17.

De Haan, C., H. Steinfeld, and H. Blackburn.
1997. Livestock and the environment:
Finding a balance. WRENmedia, UK.

De Leeuw, P.N., L. Reynolds, and B. Rey. 1995.
Nutrient transfer from livestock in West
African agricultural systems. p. 371-392.
J.M. Powell et al. (ed) Livestock and
sustainable nutrient cycling in mixed
farming systems of sub-Saharan Africa
Vol. II. ILCA, Ethiopia.

Delgado, C.L., M. Rosegrant, H. Steinfeld,
S. Ehui, and C. Courbois. 1999. Livestock
to 2020: The next food revolution. FAE

Disc. Pap. 28. IFPRI, Washington DC.
Delgado, C.L., N. Wada, M. Rosegrant,
S. Meijer, and M. Ahmed. 2003. Fish to
2020: Supply and demand in changing
global markets. IFPRI, Washington DC.

Demissie, A. 1991. Crop genetic resources of
Africa: Potentially valuable crop plants in a
vavilovian center of diversity: Ethiopia.
p. 89-98. Proc. Int. Conf., Nairobi,
26-30 Sep 1988. IBPGR, UNEP, IITA, CNR,
Nairobi.

Dery, B.B., R. Otsyina, and C. Nga’tigwa. 1999.
Indigenous knowledge of medicinal trees
and setting priorities for their domestication
in Shinyanga Region, Tanzania. ICRAF,
Nairobi.

Devendra., C., J. Morton, B. Rischkowsky,
and D. Thomas. 2005. Livestock systems.
E. Owens et al. (ed) Livestock and wealth
creation: Improving the husbandry of
animals kept by resources—poor people
in developing countries. Nottingham Univ.
Press, UK.

DeVries, J., and G. Toenniessen. 2001. Securing
the harvest: Biotechnology, breeding and
seed systems for African crops. CAB Int.,
U.K.

Dey, J. 1981. Gambian women: Unequal
partners in rice development project?
p. 109-122. N. Nelson (ed) African women
in the development process. Frank Cass,
London.

Dhlamini, Z. 2006. The role of non-GM
biotechnology in developing world
agriculture [Online]. Available at http://
www.scidev.net/dossiers/index
.cfm?fuseaction=policybrief&dossier=6
&policy=114. Science and Development
Network (SciDevNet).

Dike, M.C. 1994. An annotated checklist and
the identity of major storage insect pests in
Nigeria. Samaru Misc. Pap. 130:1-17.

Dike, M.C. 2005. Challenges of pests and