| Previous | Return to table of contents | Search Reports | Next |
| « Back to weltagrarbericht.de | ||
230 | Index
| Biodiversity AKST responses to changes in, 102–3 declines in on-farm biodiversity, 58 health effects of diminishment of, 60 intellectual property rights and, 179–80 policies for, 202–3 self-training and, 204 in situ protection of, 106 strategy development, 175–76 in technogarden scenario, 154–55, 157 transgenic risks, protection from, 203 See also Agrobiodiversity; Sustainability Biodiversity Convention, 179 Biodiversity products, commercial exploitation of, 175–76 Bioenergy and agrofuels in adaptive mosaic scenario, 152 food security and, 203 regional trends, 41–42 research on contributions to, 174–75 Biopharmaceutical crops in Mexico, 40b–41b Bio-piracy, 203 Biosafety, 125, 140, 141, 143 Biosecurity, 173 Biotechnology in adaptive mosaic scenario, 152 advances in, 106–7 basic research and, 91–94 breadth of, 87n17 in global orchestration scenario, 138–39 intellectual property and, 202–3 in order from strength scenario, 142–43 poverty and, 92b Brazilian Agricultural Research Institute (EMBRAPA), 183 Bt toxin, 39 C Campesino system AKST impact on, 105–6 effectiveness of, 105–6 Movimiento Campesino a Campesino (Farmer to Farmer Movement), 27b, 55, 89 See also Traditional/indigenous system Capacity-building AKST actors, capacity strengthening for, 181 evaluation of AKST impact, 182 financing for, 208 food sovereignty, models to guarantee, 180 governance models, 178 intellectual property rights, 179–80 knowledge-sharing mechanisms, institutional, 176–77 local, 199 marketing systems to link food producers and consumers in peri-urban areas, 180–81 organizational models, 177–78 public policy formation, participation of AKST systems in, 182–83 R&D networks, strengthening, 177 research, participatory approach to, 177 social movements and AKST, interaction of, 179 teaching curricular, restructuring, 181–82 |
Carbon dioxide emissions, 42 fertilizing effect, 25 from human sources, 205 Carbon emissions from Amazon burning, 172 from deforestation, 24 energy inefficiency and, 42 Carbon sequestration agroecological system and, 55 as environmental service, 156 research for, 174 Carbon sinks, 205 CARDI (Caribbean Agricultural Research and Development Institute), 81 Caribbean Community (CARICOM), 81 Caribbean region countries and areas, 10t deforestation in, 23–24, 24t land conversion from agriculture to tourism in, 36b–37b land use, 32t, 33–35, 33f medicinal herbs and plants in, 31b production growth rates, 98t sustainability and food security in Cuba, 53b women in agriculture in, 193b CARICOM (Caribbean Community), 81 Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, 10, 41, 203 Cattle. See Livestock farming Central America and Mexico region (Mesoamerica) agrobiodiversity, 29 agroecological resistance to hurricanes, 27b area under indigenous control, 46t biopharmaceutical crops in Mexico, 40b–41b climate, 25, 25t countries and areas, 10t deforestation in, 23–24, 24t, 57 land use, 32t, 33, 33f, 34–35 learning partnerships in, 83 mosaic landscape in, 170 Patronatos in Mexico, 79b production growth rates, 98t CGAP (Consultative Group to Assist the Poor), 207 CGIAR (Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research), 82, 83b, 205f Chains of production in adaptive mosaic scenario, 151 AKST impact on, 108 in life as it is scenario, 148 in technogarden scenario, 158 Children, 62 Chinampas, 50 CIALs (Local Agricultural Research Committees), 83b CIAT (International Center for Tropical Agriculture), 83b CIMMYT (International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center), 83b, 91 Civil society AKST system, role in supporting, 90b legal frameworks to protect, 196 participatory democracy and, 9 Patronatos and, 79b policies for stakeholder participation, 195–99 See also Stakeholders |
Climate change in adaptive mosaic scenario, 149, 152 agriculture and, 24–26 current and future temperature and precipitation, 25t current situation, 126t–127t energy inefficiency and, 42 in global orchestration scenario, 138 greenhouse gases (GHG), 202, 206 in life as it is scenario, 144, 146 options on, 174 in order from strength scenario, 140, 142 policies for, 205–6 research and, 102 by scenario (overview), 132t in technogarden scenario, 154, 157 as variable, 117t Coastal and marine ecosystems, environmental impacts on, 59 Codex Alimentarius, 10, 32, 55 Collective intellectual property rights, 179–80 Colonialism, 45, 46–47, 193 Commodity price trends, 108f Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), 29 Common Market of the South (MERCOSUR), 21, 107 Competitive funds, 100–101, 210 Competitiveness in adaptive mosaic scenario, 149 AKST impact on, 108 current situation, 126t in life as it is scenario, 143 in order from strength scenario, 143 by scenario (overview), 132t in technogarden scenario, 158 as variable, 116t Concentrated model, 178 CONDESAN (Consortium for the Sustainable Development of the Andean Ecoregion), 83b Conglomerates, AKST impact on, 108 Consensus-building, 89, 95, 198 Consortium for the Sustainable Development of the Andean Eco-region (CONDESAN), 83b Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), 82, 83b, 205f Consultative Group to Assist the Poor (CGAP), 207 Consumer demand current situation, 126t in global orchestration scenario, 125, 138 in order from strength scenario, 140 by scenario (overview), 132t in technogarden scenario, 157 as variable, 117t Consumers, AKST impact on, 107 Contamination. See Environmental impacts Conventional/productivist system AKST impact on, 106 characteristics, 7, 8t development policies and, 192 environmental mitigation improvement, 173 impacts of, 56–62 mechanistic outlook, 47–48, 47f policies for sustainability, 200 productivity of, 51–52 sustainability of, 54–55 |
| Previous | Return to table of contents | Search Reports | Next |
| « Back to weltagrarbericht.de | ||