Schroth, G., and C. Harvey (ed) 2007. Biodiversity conservation in cocoa production landscapes. Biodiversity Conserv. 16:2237-2444.

Schroth, G., U. Krauss, L. Gasparotto, J.A. Duarte-Aguilar, and K. Vohland. 2000. Pests and diseases in agroforestry systems of the humid tropics. Agrofor. Syst. 50:199-241.

Schuller, P., D.E. Walling, A. Sepulveda, A. Castillo, and I. Pino. 2007. Changes in soil erosion associated with the shift from conventional tillage to a no-tillage system, documented using 137Cs measurements. Soil Till. Res. 94:183-192.

Schultz, R.C., J.P. Colletti, T.M. Isenhart, C.O. Marquez, W.W. Simpkins, and C.J. Ball. 2000. Riparian forest buffer practices, p. 189-281. In H.E. Garrett et al. (ed) North American agroforestry: An integrated science and practice. ASA, Madison WI.

Schultz, R.C., J.P. Colletti, T.M. Isenhart, W.W. Simpkins, C.W. Mize, and M.L. Thompson. 1995. Design and placement of a multi-species riparian buffer strip system. Agrofor. Syst. 29:201-226.

Schultz, T.W. 1949. Production and welfare of agriculture. Macmillan, NY.

Scoones, I., and J. Thompson (ed) 1994. Beyond farmer first. ITDG Publ., London.

Sebillotte, M., 2000. Des recherches pour le développement local. Partenariat et transdisciplinarité, Revue d'économie Régionale et Urbaine 3:535-556.

Sebillotte, M., 2001. Des recherches en partenariat pour et sur le développement régional. Ambitions et questions. Natures Sci. Sociétés9(3):5-7.

Sen, A. 1981. Poverty and famines: An essay on entitlement and deprivation. Oxford Univ. Press, UK.

Sepùlveda, S., A. Rodriguez, R. Echevelly, M. Portilla. 2003. El enfoque territorial del desarrollo rural. IICA, San José.

Seralini, G.E., D. Cellier, and J. Spiroux de Vendomois. 2007. New analysis of a rat feeding study with a genetically modified maize reveals signs of hepatorenal toxicity. Arch. Environ. Contamin. Toxicol. 52:596-602.

Shackleton, S.E., C.M. Shackleton, A.B. Cunningham, C. Lombard, and C. Sullivan. 2002. An overview of current knowledge on Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich) Holst, with particular reference to its importance as a non-timber forest product in Southern Africa: A summary. Part 1. Taxonomy, ecology and role in rural livelihoods. Southern Afric. For. J. 194:27-41.

Shackleton, S.E., P. Shanley, and O. Ndoye, 2007. Invisible but viable: Recognizing local markets for non-timber forest products. Int. For. Rev. 9:697-712.

Shackleton, S.E., R.P. Wynberg, C.A. Sullivan, C.M. Shackleton, R.R.B. Leakey, M. Mander et al. 2003. Marula commercialisation for sustainable and equitable livelihoods: Synthesis of a southern African case study. In Winners and losers in forest product commercialization.

Final Technical Rep. to DFID, FRP R7795, App. 3.5 CEH, Wallingford.

Shah, T., I. Makin, R. Sakthivadivel, and M. Samad. 2002. Limits to leapfrogging: Issues in transposing successful river basin management institutions in the developing world. In C.L. Abernethy (ed) Intersectoral management of river basins. IWMI, Colombo.

Shah, T., M. Alam, M.D. Kumar, R.K. Nagar, and M. Singh. 2000. Pedaling out of poverty: Social impact of a manual irrigation technology in South Asia. IWMI Res. Rep. 45. IWMI, Colombo.

Shapiro, H-Y., and E.M. Rosenquist, 2004. Public/ private partnerships in agroforestry: The example of working together to improve cocoa sustainability. Agrofor. Syst. 61:453-462.

Sharma, R., and T. Poleman. 1993. The new economics of India's Green Revolution. Cornell Univ. Press, Ithaca.

Sheehy, J.E., P.L. Mitchell, G.J.D. Kirk, and A.B. Ferrer. 2005. Can smarter nitrogen fertilizers be designed? Matching nitrogen supply to crop requirements at high yields using a simple model. Field Crops Res. 94:54-66.

Shepherd, G., and D. Brown. 1998. Linking international priority-setting to local institutional management. p. 77-87. In S. Doolan (ed) African rainforests and the conservation of biodiversity. Earthwatch, Oxford.

Shewfelt, R.L., and B. Bruckner. 2000. Fruits and vegetable quality: An integrated view. Technomic Publ., Pennsylvania.

Shiklomanov, I. A. 1999. World water resources: Modern assessment and outlook for the 21st century. Summary of world water resources at the beginning of the 21st Century, prepared in the framework of the IHP UNESCO. Federal Service of Russia for Hydrometeorology & Environment Monitoring, State Hydrological Inst., St. Petersburg.

Shuttleworth, W.J. 1988. Evaporation from Amazonian rainforest. Proc. Royal Soc., London.

Sibelet, N. 1995. L'innovation en milieu paysan ou la capacité des acteurs locaux à innover en présence d'intervenants extérieurs. Nouvelles pratiques de fertilisation et mise en bocage dans le Niumakélé (Anjouan, Comores), INA-PG, Paris.

Silvey, V. 1986. The contribution of new varieties to cereal yields in England and Wales between 1947 and 1983. J. Nat. Inst. Agric. Bot. 17:155-168.

Silvey, V. 1994. Plant breeding in improving crop yield and qulaity in recent decades. Acta Hort. (ISHS) 355:19-34. Available at http:// www.actahort.org/books/355/355_2.htm

Simm, G. 1998. Genetic improvement of cattle and sheep. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, UK.

Simm, G., L. Bünger, B. Villanueva, and W.G. Hill. 2004. Limits to yield of farm species: Genetic improvement of livestock, p. 123-141. In R. Sylvester-Bradley and J. Wiseman (ed) Yields of farmed species.

Constraints and opportunities in the 21st century. Nottingham Univ. Press.

Simmonds, N.W. (ed) 1976. Evolution of crop plants. Longmans, London and NY.

Simons, A.J., and R.R.B. Leakey. 2004. Tree domestication in tropical agroforestry. Agrofor. Syst. 61:167-181.

Simpson, B.M. 2001. IPPM farmer field schools and local institutional development: Case studies of Ghana and Mali. Annex B10 in FAO 2001. Midterm review of the Global IPM Facility. FAO Rome.

Sinclair, T.R., G.L. Hammer, and E.J. Van Oosterom. 2005. Potential yield and water-use efficiency benefits in sorghum from limited maximum transpiration rate. Functional Plant Biol. 32:945-952.

Singh, B.B., O.O. Olufajo, and M.E. Ishiyaku. 2006. Registration of six improved germplasm lines of cowpea with combined resistance to Striga gesnerioides and Alectra vogelii. Crop Sci. 46:2332-2333.

Singh, B., Y. Singh, J.K. Ladha, K.F. Bronson, V. Balasubramanian, J. Singh, and C.S. Khind. 2002. Chlorophyll meter and leaf color chart based nitrogen management for rice and wheat in northwestern India. Agron. J. 94:821-829.

Sisti, C.P.J., H.P. Santos, R. Kohhann, B.J.R. Alves, S. Urquiaga, and R.M. Boddey. 2004. Change in carbon and nitrogen stocks in soil under 13 years of conventional or zero tillage in southern Brazil. Soil Till. Res. 76:39-58.

Sivakumar, M.V.K. 2006. Climate prediction and agriculture: Current status and future challenges. Clim. Res. 33:3-17.

Slingo, J.M., A.J. Challinor, B.J. Hoskins, and T.R. Wheeler. 2005. Food crops in a changing climate. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 360(1463):1983-1989.

Smale, M. 1997. The green revolution and wheat genetic diversity: Some unfounded assumptions. World Dev. 25:1257-1269.

Smale, M., J. Hartell, P.W. Heisey, and B. Senauer. 1998. The contribution of genetic resources and diversity to wheat production in the Punjab of Pakistan. Am. J. Agric. Econ. 80:482-493.

Smale, M., M.P. Reynolds, M. Warburton, B. Skovmand, R. Trethowan, R. Singh et al. 2002. Dimensions of diversity in modern spring bread wheat in developing countries. Crop Sci. 42:1766-1779.

Smartt, J., and N. Haq. 1997. Domestication, production and utilization of new crops. Int. Centre for Underutilized Crops, Southampton, UK.

Smit, L.A.M. 2002. Pesticides: Health impacts and alternatives. Working Pap. 45. IWMI, Colombo.

Smith, C. 1984. Rates of genetic change in farm livestock. Res. Dev. Agric. 1:79-85.

Smith, K. 2006. Rural air pollution: A major but often ignored development concern. Commission on Sustainable Development Thematic Session on Integrated Approaches to Addressing Air Pollution and Atmospheric Problems. United Nations, NY.